Trait

From APIDesign

wikipedia:Trait_(computer_programming) is a delta - a difference - that you can mix-in when using modern OOP languages when creating your own class. Traits are frequently present in Scala.

Is C better than C++?

Recently I've noticed an interesting article describing why C is more effective than C++ and in general most of OOP languages. The article is well written and for a while I was nodding in an agreement. The claim that by using OOP and insisting on encapsulation one cannot implement linked list as effectively as in C is very good one!

However later I realized that the take on OOP is really targeted to OOP languages of the past. In modern languages, like Scala one can keep encapsulation and still be as effective as the old plain good C. As Martin Odersky once put it: there used to be a time when people were arguing whether we need goto statement to effectively find a particular number in a matrix. Those days are gone - we can focus on new problems. The same applies to effective and encapsulated list problem. I am not a Scala expert, but I knew its type system is powerful enough. Here is the code: